सामग्री पर जाएं

Regulation and Accountability in PLI Semiconductor Incentives and Domestic Supplier Upgrading

State-directed fiscal incentives in high-technology manufacturing require institutional accountability and structured regulatory verification to ensure domestic industrial deepening rather than superficial assembly growth. Evaluating governance frameworks within India's Production Linked Incentive regime reveals critical dynamics between ex-post rent allocation, administrative oversight capabilities, and upstream supplier integration. Aligning subsidy distribution with technological absorption and local value addition is indispensable for establishing sustainable global value chain competitiveness.

कार्य का लक्ष्य

To examine how regulatory governance in India's PLI scheme influences domestic high-tech supplier upgrading and local value addition.

कार्यप्रणाली

Comparative policy analysis and institutional documentary evaluation of government guidelines, sectoral reports, and value-chain trade data.

वैज्ञानिक नवीनता

Integrates institutional governance frameworks with value chain upgrading criteria to assess regulatory accountability in Indian semiconductor incentives.

दस्तावेज़ विवरण

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PhD Thesis

Degree:
Regulation and Accountability in PLI Semiconductor Incentives and Domestic Supplier Upgrading

Author:

Group

First M. Last

Advisor:

Dr. First Last

City, 2026

Contents

Introduction
Chapter 1. Conceptual and Institutional Foundations of Industrial Incentive Governance
1.2 Embedded Autonomy and Accountability Mechanisms in Rent Allocation
1.3 Global Semiconductor Value Chains and Upstream Supplier Integration Paradigms
1.4 Regulatory Frameworks Governing Performance-Linked Subsidies in India
Chapter 2. Regulatory Design and Verification Architecture of the PLI Scheme
2.1 Incremental Sales Thresholds, Base Year Determination, and CapEx Auditing
2.2 Institutional Ecosystems and Inter-Agency Oversight Mechanisms
2.3 Ex-Post Rent Allocation Versus Ex-Ante Performance Conditioning
2.4 Transparency Deficits, Information Asymmetry, and Moral Hazard Risks
Chapter 3. Comparative Sectoral Governance: Semiconductors, Electronics, and Automotive Ecosystems
3.1 Semiconductor Fabrication and Design-Linked Incentives: Policy Scope and Bottlenecks
3.2 Electronics and Mobile Manufacturing Trajectories: Assembly Dominance and Linkage Gaps
3.3 Automotive and Clean Technology Linkages: Localisation Norms and Compliance Verification
Chapter 4. Domestic Supplier Upgrading, Technological Absorption, and Local Value Addition
4.1 Tier-2 and Tier-3 Supplier Linkages within Domestic Semiconductor Sub-Segments
4.2 Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) Inclusion in Capital-Intensive Supply Chains
4.4 Evaluating Domestic Value Addition Metrics Versus Nominal Output Expansion
Chapter 5. Empirical Evaluation of Capital Investment, Market Response, and Macro-Industrial Outcomes
5.1 Private Capital Expenditure and Capital Formation in Strategic High-Tech Sectors
5.2 Public Market Valuation and Investor Sentiment Surrounding Incentive Allocations
5.3 Import Displacement Versus Intermediate Component Import Dependencies
5.4 Sustainable Entrepreneurship, Innovation Ecosystems, and Long-Term Competitiveness
Chapter 6. Regulatory Reconfiguration, Strategic Accountability, and Policy Roadmap
6.2 Strengthening Verification Infrastructures, Statutory Disclosures, and Audit Protocols
6.3 Aligning Subsidies with Domestic Component Ecosystem Development and R&D Subventions
6.4 Strategic Policy Framework for Sustainable Semiconductor and High-Tech Sovereignty
Conclusion
Bibliography

Introduction

Targeted industrial subsidies and performance-linked fiscal instruments constitute the cornerstone of contemporary state intervention aimed at establishing sovereign manufacturing capabilities in strategic high-technology sectors. In developing economies such as India, the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) architecture represents a concerted shift toward export-oriented industrialisation by subsidising incremental production [1]. However, the institutional viability of such policies hinges upon robust regulatory mechanisms and administrative accountability capable of preventing rent-seeking while simultaneously fostering technological deepening across domestic industrial networks [3].

While targeted incentives in electronics and high-tech manufacturing have catalysed substantial headline capital expenditure and finished assembly output, critical structural bottlenecks persist in translating these fiscal outlays into domestic supplier upgrading [4], [6]. Global semiconductor and advanced technology value chains are characterised by intense capital intensity, rigorous intellectual property boundaries, and complex sub-tier networks. Without institutional frameworks that enforce stringent domestic value addition and supplier capability development, incentive regimes risk creating low-value assembly enclaves that remain deeply reliant on imported critical inputs [6].

Examining the regulatory design and governance ecosystem of PLI schemes is essential to establish how regulatory verification, monitoring arrangements, and institutional capabilities influence the technological upgrading of local suppliers [3]. Integrating political settlement dynamics and value chain governance frameworks allows an interrogation of the institutional discipline required to transform transient fiscal disbursements into resilient domestic supply capabilities [3], [6]. This investigation provides an essential academic contribution to developmental industrial policy by detailing how regulatory accountability mechanisms mediate between state subsidy allocation and sustainable industrial transformation.

Methodological Architecture for Assessing Incentive Governance and Supplier Integration

This methodological framework operationalizes a multi-tiered qualitative and comparative research design to evaluate institutional governance and domestic upgrading outcomes within India's Production Linked Incentive regime. Grounded in political settlements and embeddedness-discipline-accountability frameworks, the investigation analyzes how ex-post rent allocation structures intersect with the technical monitoring capabilities of governance agencies across target sectors (crossref-10-2139-ssrn-6768618). To assess whether state-directed fiscal disbursements foster durable structural transformation rather than superficial assembly operations, the empirical approach triangulates administrative policy documentation, statutory program guidelines, and published industrial data across high-technology manufacturing sectors. Furthermore, this methodological strategy integrates global value chain governance criteria to systematically examine the transition from nominal output expansion toward domestic component ecosystem development, technology transfer, and supplier upgrading (crossref-10-2139-ssrn-6731398). By contrasting leading high-technology segments with lagging industrial sectors, the comparative case framework isolates how differing administrative capabilities and baseline productive firm capacities condition rent absorption and policy implementation (crossref-10-2139-ssrn-6768618). The analysis methodically tracks incremental sales verification thresholds, capital expenditure patterns, foreign direct investment flows, and Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise integration to differentiate between volume expansion and authentic domestic value addition (crossref-10-2139-ssrn-6731398). This structured triangulation ensures that inter-agency oversight mechanisms, information asymmetries, and compliance verification protocols are rigorously evaluated against statutory objectives. Consequently, this methodological architecture provides a comprehensive evidentiary baseline for examining how accountability mechanisms govern state-directed industrial incentives and shape domestic supply chain integration in strategic sectors.

References

  1. AN OVERVIEW ON PRODUCTION LINKED INCENTIVE (PLI) SCHEME BY THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
    Rajesh Timane
    DOI लिंक
  2. A Comprehensive Study of Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme, as a Catalyst for Indian Economy
    Anil Kumar Sharma Renu
    DOI लिंक
  3. India's New Industrial Policy: Evaluating the Institutional Ecosystem Shaping the Production Linked Incentive Schemes
    Sugandh Aggarwal, Karthikeya Naraparaju
    DOI लिंक
  4. Impact of the Production Linked Incentive Schemes by the government of India on the growth of the manufacturing sector
    Aditya Gaurav Karnik
  5. Do Government Incentive Schemes Affect Stock Prices? Evidence from the Production Linked Incentive Scheme in India
    Rahul Anand Research Scholar, P.G. Deptt. Of Commerce, M.U. Bodh Gaya Gayaji, Bihar
  6. Industrial Policy and Global Value Chains in India: Evaluating the Impact of PLI on Domestic Value Addition, Export Upgrading and Supplier Linkages
    CHETAN SINGH CHOUHAN
  7. Teaching Case Study of PLI Auto Scheme Incentive to Ola Electric: For Sustainable Entrepreneurship
    Mahesh K. M., P. S. Aithal, Lakshman K. et al.
  8. PRODUCTS LINKED INCENTIVE (PLI) SCHEME: A BLUEPRINT FOR INDIA’S NEW GLOBAL MANUFACTURING ORDER
    Kriti Swami

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